Manipulate photos

In this photo course in digital image processing can learn how to retouch photos can be manipulated with Adobe Photoshop. With retouching / manipulation while the removal of heads, all the people or any other unwanted objects is meant in a photograph. To manipulate photos in this way is not as difficult as you will see.

Remove unwanted objects from photos

Unwanted objects we find in our photographs are not rare, especially if it is to take a snapshot. In the example photo below, the two men in the center of the image disturbing "objects" - not that we have something personally against the men, but in this picture they disturb times now :-).

A helpful tool to retouch photos in Adobe Photoshop is the copy-stamp. With it, you paint a selected area so to speak, from a copy. He works as follows: One simply holds the Alt key and click in the area that you want to copy. Then you can release the Alt key and simply painted into the area in which you want to reproduce the copy.

With photo retouching, where you want to remove an item, you paint over the unwanted object that is simply something else. We use in this example, the clone stamp. Paint our picture or we can copy the image fragments other men just like the castle, the lawn, path or flowers. Is painted over in the pictures below you can see how the man on the left side of step-by-step using the Clone Stamp tool in Adobe Photoshop.

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Image design - framework and format

There are many different methods to make artistic photographs. One type of design is the variation of photo frames and format. This guide describes how to apply the scope and format of a photo creatively.

The first part will receive a photograph already within the boundaries of the viewfinder or the display of the camera. The aspect ratio here is usually 3:2. This refers to the ratio between the width and height of the image. Even with this ratio can be taken as a photographer very big impact on the overall effect of a photograph. Below you will find some typical formats for photos:

3:2 Format - The standard format
Actually, there is no aesthetic reason that the 3:2 format is as prevalent. Other formats that are less stretched look, often aesthetic. The historical reason for the 3:2 aspect ratio is used in the earlier films.

4:3 - Thick formats
The 4:3 picture format and other higher format often affect us more natural, because they are easier to detect with the naked eye. Many digital compact cameras is the 4:3 picture format is the standard format.

5:1 panoramic format
The panoramic format is a particularly interesting and often impressive design option for photos. It is very suitable for landscape photography and architecture. In order to create panoramic photos with high quality, it is usually necessary to slice up several photos together. Many digital cameras offer special features that enable you to create panoramic photos.

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The horizon in the photograph

One of the essential design possibilities in a photo is the placement of the horizon. If the horizon is in the middle, or rather the top of the image in the lower area of ​​the photo? In this tutorial I want to thank all who want to learn to make sophisticated photographs, give some tips and tricks for placement of the horizon in photos.


Placement of the horizon in photos

If you want the photography are about to learn or improve your skills, you may have already read the instructions on the aesthetic image subdivision on this site. If yes, then you already know that the horizon is the most common form of image subdivision for photos. The horizon divides the image simply by the fact that he (usually) represents a relatively straight horizontal line. The effect of the horizon as an image divider becomes more dominant, are the less image objects on the photograph. For additional direct image objects from the distant horizon.

The subdivision of a photograph is an important design element, which lets you can make photos appear aesthetic. Guidance on the positioning can be the golden ratio. If you want to learn more about the rules of the golden section, you read most of the mentioned instructions for the aesthetic image subdivision.

But not only the golden section gives us a clue how we position the horizon in a photo at the most optimal. The image objects, the environment, the landscape, the sky, etc. give us the opportunity horizon to a specific position set. One should always first think about what makes the photo interesting. What image objects produce a special effect and relevant.

E.g. , an unusual constellation clouds look especially impressive. This makes it advisable the horizon in the lower range (eg in the lower third) to position, so the sky and the clouds back into focus. If in the area, however interesting structures or objects lying on the ground, the horizon should be more positioned at the top. In the event that for example the sky and the ground with a good photo opportunity arise, possibly also the central focus of the horizon in the photo is recommended.

However, it should be noted that photographs in which the horizon is located in the upper third of the photo, look for the viewer rather unusual. There's filled with the soil in this case the largest part of the image is obtained as the viewer the impression zublicken from above. When you look straight ahead, the horizon is naturally more in the lower range of our vision. Accordingly, work photographs in which the horizon is in the bottom of the image, the image viewer and more natural.

If you shoot certain motifs, one should also note that the picture viewer aware of the objects under gravity subordinates. This means large image objects subconsciously press down - even horizontal lines like the horizon have this effect. If you want to satisfy this quest for gravity and balance, you should therefore place great photo opportunities too dominant in the lower area of the photo.

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Aesthetic image subdivision with the Golden Ratio

In this online photography course is described as one creates in photographs, by sharing a balanced picture, aesthetic and harmonious compositions. It is shown how the so-called "golden section" as an aid to the aesthetic image subdivision.

Aesthetic image subdivision with the golden section

Certain objects within a photograph divide an image into different areas, even if not everyone consciously perceive this effect. To achieve a balanced overall impression of the situation must be properly proportioned image subdivision. Guidance on how the photographer for the painter is the golden ratio. Where the painter has the advantage of his image to be able to make free and does not depend on the circumstances of the real world.

With the golden section, a harmoniously proportioned image subdivision are described by numbers. The golden ratio is essentially the ratio of two routes to each other. The distance ratio is about 1,618:1 and is denoted by phi. In words, describes the bill as follows:

Two sections make up the ratio of the golden ratio if the larger to the smaller behaves as the sum of the two larger ones.

If 'a' is longer and 'b' the shorter path is obtained the equation

(A + b) / a = a / b

The golden ratio for image subdivision apply

If you want to share a photograph with the aspect ratios of the golden section, one simply divides the height and width of the photo with the number Phi - that is, by 1.618. This gives the length of each major section.

If you for example a photo with dimensions of 80mm x 60mm is the division of edge length ratio of about 50mm: 30mm to (because 80mm / 49mm = 1.618) and the high edge ratio 37mm: 23mm (because 60mm / 37mm = 1.618).
The picture below shows the breakdown in the relationship of the golden section:

At the intersection of the subdivision can eg prominent objects in the photo are. On the dividing lines can be for example the horizon. Or you position objects within a certain range, defined by the division lines.

Here I have tried a few photographs on the basis of the circumstances of the golden section to compose:

Of course you can not run around as a photographer constantly with a tape measure. You have to try to get a feel for the harmonious image segmentation with the circumstances of the golden section to get. With practice, this should be possible.

Who wants to analyze his own photographs or works of art on the basis of this subdivision may use the below attached image file. It is a transparent 'GIF', in which the dividing lines are drawn. You have just put the image file on an image and can thus analyze their own photos and, if rightly cut;-).

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