Aperture is the diameter of the diaphragm inside the lens. The larger, more amount of light reach the sensor surface at a given time.
The various openings are known as f / f or point / numbers that are arranged in a numerical series, whose default sequence are: f/1.4, f / 2, f/2.8, f / 4, f/5.6, f / 8, f / 11, f/16, f/22 ef/32.
On this scale, each number has a different size opening, and as we move from one number to the next means that we are doubling or halving the amount of light reaching the sensor film.
Many cameras offer intermediate labels 1 / 2 or 1 / 3 point for a more finely tuned adjustment of exposure. Just to name a few examples: f/9.5 between f / 8 ef/11; between f/4.5 f / 4 and f/5.6.
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